Computer

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Introduction A Brief History Of Computing

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Some Basic Terms
Architecture: “The art or science of building habitable structures” Our Structures: Computer Systems Our Inhabitants: Computer programs Computer Architecture: Art of describing and building computer systems which can execute computer programs; alternatively: structure & behavior of computer as seen by assembly level programmer Computer Organization: Description of major logical & physical components of a computer and how they interact Computer Implementation: Description of electrical components used to build a computer Computer Execution Model: Description of how programs execute within a computer architecture Instruction Set Architecture (ISA): Description of the instructions which can make up a computer program, and the semantics of what each does when executed Feature Size (in microns): minimum width of a gate of a CMOS transistor possible in a particular technology generation

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People & the Computer Design Process
Computer Architect: Architecture Level • Develops ISA, computer system architecture • Interplay between hardware (machine organization) and software (compilers, interpreters, runtime) needed to sustain the “inhabitants” Computer Designer: Organization Level • Develops detailed machine organization - Partitioning into major blocks - Specification of each block’s interfaces & functionality - Selects technology to be used for each major block • Develops overall timing, power, packaging specifications and budgets • Develops test procedures to verify proper system operation Logic Designer: Implementation Level • Implementation...